Informazioni e notizie sulla tassonomia e sulle specie comprese nel genere
Una murena maculata, Gymnothorax meleagris à la Réunion - Foto © Philippe Bourjon (Wikimedia)
Qui sotto l'elenco delle specie attualmente comprese nel genere, con i link alle schede di Fishbase, da cui è tratta la tabella:
Anno | Nome Scientifico | Nome Inglese | Distribuzione | Lunghezza Max (cm) |
---|---|---|---|---|
1795 | Gymnothorax afer | Dark moray | Eastern Atlantic | 100 TL |
1846 | Gymnothorax albimarginatus | Whitemargin moray | Indo-Pacific | 105 TL |
1916 | Gymnothorax angusticauda | Narrowtail moray | Indo-West Pacific | 50.3 SL |
1949 | Gymnothorax angusticeps | Southeast Pacific | 51 TL | |
1937 | Gymnothorax annasona | Southwest Pacific | 55.3 TL | |
1997 | Gymnothorax annulatus | Ringed moray | Western Pacific | 50.1 TL |
1935 | Gymnothorax atolli | Atoll moray | Eastern Central Pacific | 20.6 TL |
1992 | Gymnothorax australicola | South Pacific moray | South Pacific | 37.5 TL |
2001 | Gymnothorax austrinus | Southern moray | Eastern Indian Ocean | 88.2 TL |
1987 | Gymnothorax bacalladoi | Canary moray | Eastern Central Atlantic | 34.7 TL |
2008 | Gymnothorax baranesi | Western Indian Ocean | 85.7 TL | |
1975 | Gymnothorax bathyphilus | Deep-dwelling moray | Southeast Pacific | 76.4 TL |
1904 | Gymnothorax berndti | Y-patterned moray | Western Indian Ocean | 100 TL |
1977 | Gymnothorax breedeni | Blackcheek moray | Indo-Pacific | 100 TL |
1857 | Gymnothorax buroensis | Vagrant moray | Indo-Pacific | 38.7 TL |
1883 | Gymnothorax castaneus | Panamic green moray | Eastern Pacific | 150 TL |
1999 | Gymnothorax castlei | Castle's moray | Indo-West Pacific | 25 TL |
2001 | Gymnothorax cephalospilus | Head-spot moray | Indo-West Pacific | 20.2 TL |
1864 | Gymnothorax chilospilus | Lipspot moray | Indo-Pacific | 50.5 TL |
1908 | Gymnothorax chlamydatus | Banded mud moray | Western Pacific | 60 TL |
1867 | Gymnothorax conspersus | Saddled moray | Western Atlantic | 110 TL |
1932 | Gymnothorax cribroris | Sieve-patterned moray | Western Pacific | 75 TL |
2008 | Gymnothorax davidsmithi | Flores mud moray | East Indian Ocean | 29.9 TL |
1917 | Gymnothorax dorsalis | Western Pacific | 82.2 TL | |
1870 | Gymnothorax dovii | Finespotted moray | Eastern Pacific | 170 TL |
1883 | Gymnothorax elegans | Elegant moray | Indo-West Pacific | 64.7 TL |
2010 | Gymnothorax emmae | Western Pacific | 43 TL | |
1982 | Gymnothorax enigmaticus | Enigmatic moray | Indo-Pacific | 58 TL |
1946 | Gymnothorax equatorialis | Spottail moray | Eastern Pacific | 75 TL |
1860 | Gymnothorax eurostus | Abbott's moray eel | Indo-Pacific | 60 TL |
2001 | Gymnothorax eurygnathos | Eastern Central Pacific | 46.9 TL | |
1801 | Gymnothorax favagineus | Laced moray | Indo-Pacific | 300 TL |
1832 | Gymnothorax fimbriatus | Fimbriated moray | Indo-Pacific | 80 TL |
1830 | Gymnothorax flavimarginatus | Yellow-edged moray | Indo-Pacific | 240 TL |
1996 | Gymnothorax flavoculus | Western Indian Ocean | 40.7 TL | |
1864 | Gymnothorax formosus | Western Central Pacific. | ||
1839 | Gymnothorax funebris | Green moray | Western Atlantic | 250 TL |
1953 | Gymnothorax fuscomaculatus | Brown spotted moray | Indo-Pacific | 20 TL |
1903 | Gymnothorax gracilicauda | Slendertail moray | Pacific Ocean | 32 TL |
1803 | Gymnothorax griseus | Geometric moray | Western Indian Ocean | 65 TL |
2004 | Gymnothorax hansi | Indian Ocean | ||
1830 | Gymnothorax hepaticus | Liver-colored moray eel | Indo-Pacific | 100 TL |
1933 | Gymnothorax herrei | Herre's moray | Indo-West Pacific | 30 TL |
1977 | Gymnothorax hubbsi | Lichen moray | Western Atlantic | 30 TL |
1979 | Gymnothorax intesi | Central Pacific | 100 TL | |
1845 | Gymnothorax isingteena | Indo-West Pacific | 180 TL | |
1859 | Gymnothorax javanicus | Giant moray | Indo-Pacific | 300 TL |
1962 | Gymnothorax johnsoni | Whitespotted moray | Western Indian Ocean | 130 TL |
1846 | Gymnothorax kidako | Kidako moray | Western Central Pacific | 91.5 SL |
1980 | Gymnothorax kolpos | Blacktail moray | Western Atlantic | 91 TL |
2000 | Gymnothorax kontodontos | Short-tooth moray | Indo-Pacific | 18 TL |
1948 | Gymnothorax longinquus | Southwest Pacific. | ||
1862 | Gymnothorax maderensis | Sharktooth moray | Eastern Atlantic | 100 TL |
1953 | Gymnothorax mareei | Spotjaw moray | Eastern Atlantic | 40 TL |
1864 | Gymnothorax margaritophorus | Blotch-necked moray | Indo-Pacific | 70 TL |
1953 | Gymnothorax marshallensis | Marshall Islands moray | Western Pacific | 18 TL |
1997 | Gymnothorax mccoskeri | Eastern Indian Ocean and | 36.2 TL | |
1995 | Gymnothorax megaspilus | Oman moray | Western Indian Ocean | 59.5 TL |
2011 | Gymnothorax melanosomatus | Pacific Ocean | 50.4 TL | |
1953 | Gymnothorax melatremus | Dwarf moray | Indo-Pacific | 30 TL |
1795 | Gymnothorax meleagris | Turkey moray | Indo-Pacific | 120 TL |
2000 | Gymnothorax microstictus | Smallspot moray | Western Central Pacific | 30 TL |
1856 | Gymnothorax miliaris | Goldentail moray | Western Atlantic | 70 TL |
1846 | Gymnothorax minor | Western Pacific | 54.5 TL | |
1864 | Gymnothorax moluccensis | Moluccan moray | Indo-West Pacific | 45 TL |
1856 | Gymnothorax monochrous | Drab moray | Indo-West Pacific | 80 TL |
1909 | Gymnothorax monostigma | One-spot moray | Indo-Pacific Ocean | 65 TL |
1859 | Gymnothorax mordax | California moray | Eastern Pacific | 152 TL |
1829 | Gymnothorax moringa | Spotted moray | Western Atlantic | 200 TL |
1961 | Gymnothorax nasuta | Easter island moray | Southeast Pacific | 73.9 TL |
1911 | Gymnothorax neglectus | Northwest Pacific | 120 TL | |
1858 | Gymnothorax nigromarginatus | Blackedge moray | Western Atlantic | 99 TL |
1996 | Gymnothorax niphostigmus | Snowflake-patched moray | Northwest Pacific | 75.7 TL |
1848 | Gymnothorax nubilus | Grey moray | Southwest Pacific | 82 TL |
1867 | Gymnothorax nudivomer | Yellowmouth moray | Indo-Pacific | 180 TL |
1904 | Gymnothorax nuttingi | Eastern Central Pacific | 112 TL | |
1932 | Gymnothorax obesus | Griffin's moray | Southwest Pacific | 180 TL |
1831 | Gymnothorax ocellatus | Ocellated moray | Western Atlantic | 90 TL |
1876 | Gymnothorax panamensis | Masked moray | Eastern Pacific | 75 TL |
1991 | Gymnothorax parini | Western Indian Ocean | 6.5 TL | |
1998 | Gymnothorax phalarus | Eastern Pacific | 92.7 TL | |
1962 | Gymnothorax phasmatodes | Ghost moray | Indo-West Pacific | 46 TL |
1907 | Gymnothorax philippinus | Philippines moray | Western Pacific | 60 TL |
1789 | Gymnothorax pictus | Paintspotted moray | Indo-Pacific | 140 TL |
1883 | Gymnothorax pikei | Pike's moray | Indo-West Pacific | 77 TL |
1962 | Gymnothorax pindae | Pinda moray | Indo-Pacific | 39 TL |
1875 | Gymnothorax polygonius | Polygon moray | Eastern Atlantic | 98 TL |
2000 | Gymnothorax polyspondylus | Eastern Central Pacific | 41.6 TL | |
1854 | Gymnothorax polyuranodon | Freshwater moray | Indo-Pacific | 150 TL |
1848 | Gymnothorax porphyreus | Lowfin moray | South Pacific | 103.2 TL |
1848 | Gymnothorax prasinus | Yellow moray | Southwest Pacific | 91.5 TL |
1895 | Gymnothorax prionodon | Australian mottled moray | Western Pacific | 150 TL |
2000 | Gymnothorax prismodon | Eastern Central Pacific | 49.7 TL | |
1991 | Gymnothorax prolatus | Northwest Pacific | 40.4 TL | |
2000 | Gymnothorax pseudoherrei | False brown moray | Indo-West Central Pacific | |
1853 | Gymnothorax pseudothyrsoideus | Highfin moray | Indo-West Pacific | 80 TL |
2017 | Gymnothorax pseudotile | Bengal low-fin moray | Eastern Indian Ocean | 47 TL |
1863 | Gymnothorax punctatofasciatus | Bars'n spots moray | Indo-West Pacific | 50.5 TL |
1801 | Gymnothorax punctatus | Red Sea whitespotted moray | Western Indian Ocean | 90 TL |
1997 | Gymnothorax randalli | Randall's moray | Indo-Pacific | 36.3 TL |
1845 | Gymnothorax reevesii | Reeve's moray | Indo-West Pacific. | 70 TL |
1795 | Gymnothorax reticularis | Indo-West Pacific | 60 TL | |
1852 | Gymnothorax richardsonii | Richardson's moray | Indo-Pacific | 34 TL |
1997 | Gymnothorax robinsi | Robins' moray | Indo-West Pacific. | 18.2 TL |
1844 | Gymnothorax rueppelliae | Banded moray | Indo-Pacific | 80 TL |
1848 | Gymnothorax sagenodeta | Western Indian Ocean | ||
1997 | Gymnothorax sagmacephalus | Northwest Pacific | 53.4 TL | |
1891 | Gymnothorax saxicola | Honeycomb moray | Western Atlantic | 60 TL |
1949 | Gymnothorax serratidens | Southeast Pacific | ||
2007 | Gymnothorax shaoi | Northwest Pacific | 60.8 TL | |
1968 | Gymnothorax sokotrensis | Western Indian Ocean | ||
1903 | Gymnothorax steindachneri | Steindachner's moray eel | Eastern Central Pacific | 91 TL |
2008 | Gymnothorax taiwanensis | Taiwanese moray eel | Northwest Pacific | 52.3 TL |
1845 | Gymnothorax thyrsoideus | Greyface moray | Indo-Pacific | 66 TL |
1822 | Gymnothorax tile | Indian mud moray | Indo-West Pacific | 60 TL |
1803 | Gymnothorax undulatus | Undulated moray | Indo-Pacific | 150 TL |
1809 | Gymnothorax unicolor | Brown moray | Eastern Atlantic | 100 TL |
1917 | Gymnothorax vagrans | Questionably South Americ | ||
1883 | Gymnothorax verrilli | White-edged moray | Eastern Central Pacific | 43 TL |
1855 | Gymnothorax vicinus | Purplemouth moray | Western Atlantic | 132 TL |
2009 | Gymnothorax walvisensis | Southeastern Atlantic | 41.3 TL | |
1912 | Gymnothorax woodwardi | Woodward's moray | Eastern Indian Ocean | |
1992 | Gymnothorax ypsilon | Y-bar moray | Pacific Ocean | 89 TL |
1906 | Gymnothorax zonipectis | Barredfin moray | Indo-Pacific | 50 TL |
Taxa principali
Niente porta più fuoristrada del loro nome comune, murene d'acqua dolce: possono tollerare di essere allevate in acqua dolce solo se giovani e per brevi periodi, ma esigono condizioni d'acqua almeno salmastra per vivere in salute, per arrivare da adulte ad acqua marina
Riferimenti & Link
- Fish Identification: Find Species
- la pagina di Fishbase con l'elenco delle specie e le foto per l'identificazione
- Gymnothorax
- pagian sulla wikipedia italiana
Collegamenti & Legenda
Per saperne di più...
L'etichetta 'murene d'acqua dolce' viene appioppata a molte specie, ma è una tra le più erronee e che ingenera più confusione: i pesci anguilliformi d'acqua dolce non sono murene, e non esistono 'vere' murene che vivano a lungo e in salute in acqua dolce...
Esperienza e consigli per l'allevamento in acquario delle murene d'acqua salmastra, Gymnothorax tile - tratto e tradotto da un articolo di William Berg
Primi piani delle straordinarie murene d'acqua salmastra e marina Gymnothorax tile - Foto © Hristo Hristov
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